Ans:Solar energy is energy derived from the sun’s radiation. It is converted into electricity or used for heating purposes through technologies such as solar panels and solar thermal systems.

A:Solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV) panels, contain silicon cells that convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits these cells, they generate a flow of electricity.

• Renewable: Solar energy is a renewable resource, meaning it’s inexhaustible and can be replenished.
• Environmentally friendly: Solar energy produces no greenhouse gas emissions or air pollutants during operation.
• Low operating costs: Once installed, solar panels have minimal maintenance costs and can significantly reduce electricity bills.
• Energy independence: Solar energy allows individuals and communities to generate their own power, reducing reliance on centralized utilities.

• Intermittency: Solar energy production is dependent on sunlight, so it’s not available at night or during cloudy weather.
• Initial costs: While the cost of solar panels has decreased over the years, the initial investment for installation can still be significant.
• Space requirements: Large solar installations require ample space, which may not be feasible in densely populated areas.

Ans:Most solar panels have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years, although their efficiency may gradually decrease over time.